Study on the Health of People Living in the Vinicity of High Voltage Transmission Lines -An Example of A Community in Central Taiwan
(鄰近於高壓輸配電線民眾之健康情形研究
-以中部某社區為例)
Tzu-Chen Chang (張子見),Shu-Hua Chen (陳椒華), Chun-Liang Tu (塗鈞亮)
中文關鍵詞：非游離輻射、極低頻電磁輻射、高壓電纜、自覺症狀
English Keyword：Non-Ionizing Radiation、Extremely Low Frequency-Electromagnetic field、High Voltage Transmission Lines、Subjective Symptoms
Link：
Abstract：
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the strength of residential indoor electromagnetic field of the high-voltage distribution lines on both sides. The high voltage distribution lines and the distance to the area were divided into experimental and control groups. In Taichung County's Wufeng Township, the magnetic filed strength of the household living room and bed room were mearused every two minutes for 24 hours, calculating the Minimum, Maximum, Arithmetic average, Standard deviation and the weighted average living room and bedroom. At the meantime, adopte a questionnaire survey to find out the health situation of the households. By analysising the data and result from the survey to indect the association between the magnetic field intensity on the health status of residents.
The results show that the magnetic field strength averaged 4.46±5.67 mG within the 69 household received the mearusement, experimental group, the average magnetic field （7.93±6.87mG）is higher than the average magnetic field (1.45±0.33 mG). The result shows that the shorter distance from the high-voltage distribution lines recently, the higher magnetic field strength.
Its two groups of variables with symptoms have a very significant difference, negative correlation faxianjuyou negative correlation exists, the nearer subjective symptoms and health were on the yingxiang are greater. Post hoc comparison showed that the respondents by age, it affected the subjective symptoms, but the incidence raises to the same age comparing with the experimental group were higher. This indicats the impact of distance for the subjective symptoms is higher than the age factor.
In addition divid the magnetic field into less than 3mG ,3-8 mG, and more than 8mG three grades, the resoult showed different magnetic field strength has significant difference to the awareness of subjective symptoms. Thec omparsion of the effect of respondents’ subjective symptoms within the same age, magnetic field intensity higher than 3 mG has also got on higher consciousness of the impact of subjective symptoms.
The results show that the magnetic field strength averaged 4.46±5.67 mG within the 69 household received the mearusement, experimental group, the average magnetic field （7.93±6.87mG）is higher than the average magnetic field (1.45±0.33 mG). The result shows that the shorter distance from the high-voltage distribution lines recently, the higher magnetic field strength.
Its two groups of variables with symptoms have a very significant difference, negative correlation faxianjuyou negative correlation exists, the nearer subjective symptoms and health were on the yingxiang are greater. Post hoc comparison showed that the respondents by age, it affected the subjective symptoms, but the incidence raises to the same age comparing with the experimental group were higher. This indicats the impact of distance for the subjective symptoms is higher than the age factor.
In addition divid the magnetic field into less than 3mG ,3-8 mG, and more than 8mG three grades, the resoult showed different magnetic field strength has significant difference to the awareness of subjective symptoms. Thec omparsion of the effect of respondents’ subjective symptoms within the same age, magnetic field intensity higher than 3 mG has also got on higher consciousness of the impact of subjective symptoms.
本研究主要目的為調查高壓輸配電線兩側住家室內電磁場強度，並進一步比較電磁場強度所致的健康情形；並以距離高壓輸配電線的遠近區分為實驗組及對照組。於台中縣霧峰鄉甲寅村高壓輸配電線路兩側之住戶，分別量測該住戶客廳及臥室磁場強度，每兩分鐘紀錄瞬間磁場強度共量測24小時，計算其最小值、最大值、算數平均值、標準差及客廳與臥室的加權平均；並利用問卷調查方式，得知該戶居民之健康情形，分析磁場強度對居民健康狀況之關聯性。
研究結果顯示，共測得69戶，磁場強度平均值為4.46±5.67 mG，實驗組磁場平均值（7.93±6.87m G）明顯高於對照組磁場平均值(1.45±0.33 mG)，顯示距離高壓輸配電線愈近者，其磁場強度愈高。其兩組與自覺症狀變項上有極顯著性的差異，且呈現負相關存在，顯示距離愈靠近者對自覺症狀及健康的影響也愈大。經事後比較發現，受訪者自覺症狀故受年齡影響，但就同一年齡層的罹患率來比對，實驗組皆高於對照組，顯示距離對於自覺症狀的影響高於年齡因素。
此外將磁場強度區分為小於3m G、3-8 m G及大於8m G三個等級，結果顯示不同的磁場強度，對自覺性症狀有極顯著性差異，經事後比較發現，受訪者對自覺症狀影響就同一年齡層比較，磁場強度高於3 m G者對自覺性症狀的影響也愈高。
研究結果顯示，共測得69戶，磁場強度平均值為4.46±5.67 mG，實驗組磁場平均值（7.93±
此外將磁場強度區分為小於
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施幸宏(2000)。環保署非屬原子能游離輻射污染之防治策略報告。通訊雜誌第33期。
江啟忠、金原傑、洪群雄(1996)。基本電學，ISBN：957-8955-138，台北市：高立。
程惠生(2001)。輻射頻率電磁場標準簡介。環檢所第29期，2-3。
林意凡、王榮德(2001)。無形的威脅-高壓電纜。健康世界，199(319)，9-14。
李亞琳轉譯、張武修校正(2001)。社會大眾的電磁波風險認知。環檢所第37期，2-3。
江榮成、王金墩(2001)。認識電磁場。能源節能技術報導第40期，29-35。
傅邦鈞(2004)。建築環境電磁波輻射影響之研究。中國文化大學環境設計學院建築及都市計劃系碩士論文。
江榮成(2002)。電力品質實務(二)。ISBN：957-2129-317。台北市：全華科技。
孫育義、陳建富、楊家輝(1992) 。非游離輻射之研究，行政院環境保護署委託計畫報告。
王金墩、王珠麗、李富雄、李東(1995)。用戶端電器設備磁場強度分析研究。台灣電力公司八十四年度研究報告。
台灣電力公司(1999)。345 kV / 161 kV / 69 kV輸電線下全省各校區磁場強度及靜電感應測試報告。
吳霖堃(1996)。高週波電磁波紫外線等非屬原子能游離輻射對環境之影響-電磁波環境量測。行政院環境保護署委託計畫報告。國立交通大學電信工程系。
張靜芬(1997)。高雄地區極低頻電磁場環境測量。高雄醫學大學公共衛生碩士論文。
李忠一、馮兆康(1997)。住宅環境極低頻磁場暴露之潛在癌症風險評估。公共衛生，24(2)，129-134。
李中一(1997)。台灣都會區住宅極低頻磁場測量。行政院國家科學委員會委託專題研究計畫成果報告。私立輔仁大學醫學院公共衛生學系。
楊成發(1998)。台北市現有運轉中之變電所電磁場檢測工作。國立台灣科技大學、精湛環境股份有限公司。
葛維忠(2003)。台灣高壓輸電線兩側居民電頻磁場暴露健康風險推估。國立陽明大學環境衛生研究所碩士論文。
李俊信、陳佩宜、黃詠暉(2005):電磁場與人體健康效應之評估與探討。台電工程月刊678: 92-100。
呂品宜(1988)。小兒癌症之流行病學研究。台灣大學公共衛生研究所碩士論文。
李中一(1990)。電磁場暴露與小兒白血病之流行病學研究。台灣大學公共衛生研究所碩士論文。
林瑞雄(1992)。電磁場暴露與小兒癌症之流行病學研究。國科會委託專題研究計畫報告。
沈 豪(1993)。環境科學基本叢書之環境物理學。ISBN：957-655-193-5。台北市：科技圖書。
胡漢升(1998)。環境科學基本叢書之環境醫學。ISBN：957-665-121-8。台北市：科技圖書。
楊明枝(1994)。極低頻電磁場勞工暴露危害之研究。文化大學勞工研究所碩士論文。
李維進(1994)。高壓輸電線的磁場暴露與小兒白血病之流行病學研究。國防醫學院公共衛生學研究所碩士論文。
陳培君(2001)。汐止鎮居民極低頻磁場暴露評估-對於婦女睡眠及生育之影響。台灣大學環境衛生研究所碩士論文。
林意凡(2003)。極低頻磁場暴露之健康風險評估-以台北縣一國小為例。台灣大學職業醫學與工業衛生研究所碩士論文。
李中一、宋鴻樟、陳富莉(2006)。就讀高壓輸電線跨越校園上空學校學童之ㄧ般健康狀態評估。台灣衛誌25(2): 83-92。
黃彥淵(2005)。高壓輸電線密度與兒童癌症發生率之流行病學研究。輔仁大學公共衛生學系碩士論文。
Kaune, W. T. (1993). Assessing human exposure to power-frequency electric and magnetic field. Environ Res , 101(14), 121-133.
Ernie Hood. (2004). EMFs and DNA Effects. Environmental Health Perspectives. 112, 368.
Li, C. Y., Theriault, G., Lin, R. S. (1997). A validity analysis of residential magnetic fields estimated from high-voltage transmission lines. J Exp Anal Environ Epidemiol, 7, 493-504.
National Institutes of Health. (1998). Report on Health Effects from Exposure to Power-Line Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields, 99-4493.
Asanova, T. P., Rakov, A. I. (1972). The state of health of persons working in the electric field of outdoors 400KV and 500KV switchyards, IEEE Power Engineering Society : Special Publication 10, 4-5.
Wertheimer, N., Leeper, E. (1979). Electrical wiring configurations and childhood cancer. Am J Epidemiol, 109, 273-284.
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